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Cache memory is a type of high-speed volatile random access memory (RAM) which is built into the processor.

Data can be transferred to and from cache memory more quickly than from RAM. As a result, cache memory is used to temporarily hold data and instructions that the processor is likely to reuse. This allows for faster processing as the processor does not have to wait for the data and instructions to be fetched from RAM.

The more cache memory a computer has, the faster it runs. However, because of its high-speed performance, cache memory is more expensive to build than RAM. Therefore, cache memory tends to be very small in size.

To get around this issue, different types of cache exist - Level 1 (L1) cache and Level 2 (L2) cache.

• L1 cache has extremely fast transfer rates, but is very small in size. The processor uses L1 cache to hold the most frequently used instructions and data.
• L2 cache is bigger in capacity than L1 cache, but slower in speed. It is used to hold data and instructions that are needed less frequently.