成人快手

A City of ideas?

• Esther Wilson
• 3 Sep 06, 12:06 PM

Here is the second of my 'guest bloggers'.
Roger Hill has lived in Liverpool since 1978 and works as a broadcaster, writer, lecturer, performer and consultant in arts and education. He's also a very good friend.

THE IDEA OF THE CITY
There are too many words about, and an abundance of expression neither guarantees the presence of thought nor freedom in thinking. In times when we inundate ourselves with self-expression it is reasonable to require an underpinning of ideas, for culture is surely more than a collection of individual outpourings, and needs for its efficacy a sustained engagement with formalized thought without which society cannot progress.

My current pre-occupation is with our present situation. We write from within the experience of Liverpool, a city in which many actions have been taken recently, and many decisions, in the name of 鈥渞egeneration鈥� and 鈥渃ulture鈥�. Have we addressed ideas in the process? Are ideas still current in urban development? Does our city have a sufficient tradition of intellectual enquiry to incorporate ideas into its own self-direction?

The relationship between ideas and cities is an interesting one. Do cities produce ideas? For W.H. Auden ideas proceed from landscapes and climate,-

鈥渢o own
That surfaces need not be superficial
Nor gestures vulgar, cannot really
Be taught within earshot of running water
Or in sight of a cloud.鈥�

If he is right then there is a set of ideas which have emerged, maybe uniquely, from a windy riverine enclave in the North-Western corner of Europe. But it would seem more logical that ideas proceed from individual human beings who just happen to live in a particular place. Our city is not poor in a history of inventions and discoveries, from the uses of lasers and the electroencephalograph to radio and the neutron, from the precursors of Age Concern and the RSPCA to school meals, but all these are products of individual initiative and energies and each has been produced in response to a particular problem, good solid practical ideas. Has there been an overall idea, intrinsic to our city, which has made these things possible? Not one that is unique, probably, except in the city鈥檚 singular determination to use knowledge to solve problems and therefore to take advantage of a culture of education and learning. Nor were all these initiatives and discoveries those of local-born individuals, although each was more or less welcome to work here. Is there a 鈥渘ative genius鈥� here, for more than humour and making-do? If Birmingham excelled in the small machinery workshop and ancient Rome in government then our city鈥檚 pre-eminent skill seems to have been in value-added handling of goods and money, cargoes and insurance accounts, and more recently in capitalizing on its cityscape for film-settings.

But these are activities not ideas. Athens is seen as the cradle of democracy and modern Beijing the triumph of bureaucratized communism and much of their structure and appearance as cities expresses these ideas. Do ideas shape cities then, rather than the other way around? Hedging our bets we might say that ideas and cities grow in symbiosis based upon local experiences. Somewhere in a city is a generator of thoughts and realizations which become the history of the place and can be read in its physicality. So, we had a river, and sometime a few centuries ago the possibility of reaching out to the wide world occurred to its inhabitants. The thought then, the idea, was 鈥� the world exists for our profit. What followed was two centuries of trade, expansion, building and prosperity, - but not for all.

We could say that the 19th Century thought hereabouts was 鈥� with prosperity comes civic power and with civic power comes civic responsibility. We could say that, but a deeper delving into the times and personalities involved might suggest that the thought, the idea, was 鈥� civic power is an exhilarating experience, let us deploy it as fully as possible, even if not all of its effects are good. When prosperity waned and civic power became emaciated the burden of responsibility remained together with a taste for that power. The sum did not add up, a new idea was necessary, which even to the present vies with a disempowered civic authority 鈥� people can manage their own lives. But to live in a city which cannot function as it did when it invented itself is to be lost, in the present and in the past. The Beatles gave us the complementary thought, the idea 鈥� nothing is real and nothing to get hung about 鈥� and John Lennon its surrogate 鈥� above us only sky. All those people living for today 鈥� no need to imagine, come and see the idea in action.

So much for our city and its ideas. Unless perhaps we remember one other idea which has underpinned so much of our history here 鈥� the family is paramount. It would be hard to find a thought more crucial to the economic and emotional survival of our city than this. Come power, come reality, or witness the loss of both, family has been the presiding force within our urban life, its salvation and its vulnerability. But many things have finally weakened the dominance of the traditional idea of family here 鈥� greater social mobility within the country as a whole, the decline of organized religion, unemployment, the arrival of families from other cultures, questions about the relationship between poverty and parenting. Whatever their impacts we might see all of these developments as the cue-lines for the entrance of new ideas, if, and only if, we are prepared to see our city as unique.

At present our city 鈥� and in this it is not unique although maybe uniquely vulnerable 鈥� is the Capital of Imitation, the Capital of Clich茅. Off-the-peg and overworked strategies for recuperation from the low decades of the 20th Century are rife here. The service economy, industrialized education, new apartments, bars, clubs, tourism, heritage, tall buildings, are all fine in their way, but they have little or no relation to the city as a unique location in the world. Of course it exists in that world and cannot ignore it but neither fight nor flight will produce the self-sufficiency within diversity which will secure our city a place in a sustainable future. So, at present we are in a frenzy of self-searching. Our premier arts event, the three-month-long Arts Biennial, is once more requesting artists from elsewhere to give us a view of ourselves. Our city with yet another mirror held up to itself. Tell us who we are, please! Yet it is the mark of a city which is secure in itself that it doesn鈥檛 need to ask that question, and the answers will not make us more secure. When does self-reflection become narcissism? When does a city re-emerge from an anxiety to give the correct answers into making strong confident statements about itself based upon a clear self-determination? When it has ideas, of course.

Our city is still a windy riverine enclave in the North-Western corner of Europe but the ideas it embraces will now need to be more global. No-one can impose ideas on a place but it would be good if a few suggestions took root here. Here then are some proposals as to thoughts, ideas, which might shape our urban destiny in this new century,-

With independence comes achievement, with openness quality of life
Others鈥� cultures are valuable and the more valuable for our embracing them
Keep looking over your shoulder and you will continue to trip over
It鈥檚 possible to remember your future 鈥� seek your roots
As long as there are questions to answer there is always something to do
The relationship between human beings and their environment is the most important issue to address 鈥� get on with it!
成人快手 is many places, many and one

And if the city is to reflect its new ideas its appearance will be rich in images, greenery, space, water, poetry, gateways, pathways, colours, contrasts, contributions.

Two quotes to finish with 鈥� both second-hand (thanks to Ursula Le Guin),-

From - Lao Tzu 鈥� the Tao Te Ching

The ten thousand things arise together
and I watch their return
They return each to its root.
Returning to one鈥檚 roots is known as stillness.
Returning to one鈥檚 destiny is known as the constant.
Knowledge of the constant is known as discernment.
To ignore the constant
is to go wrong, and end in disorder.

And from Claude Levi-Strauss,

鈥淭he societies which best have protected their distinctive character appear to be those concerned above all with persevering in their existence鈥�

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