成人快手

Dr Kevin Fong uses an audience member from the Royal Institution Christmas Lectures to demonstrate the effect on the human body of going into space without a space suit.

He uses a marshmallow to model the boy鈥檚 head, a glass of water to model his stomach contents and a balloon to model his lungs.

These items are placed inside a bell jar, which is then evacuated using a pump.

The marshmallow expands, the balloon bursts and the water boils at its existing temperature of 37 degrees Celsius.

Kevin explains that boiling is not solely caused by increasing temperature.

This clip is from the Royal Institution Christmas Lectures 2015.

Teacher Notes

You can use this clip to challenge students鈥 understanding of the process of boiling and how it is affected by pressure.

Curriculum Notes

This clip will be relevant for teaching KS3 and GCSE Physics.

This topic appears in OCR, Edexcel, AQA, WJEC KS4/GCSE in England and Wales, CCEA GCSE in Northern Ireland and SQA National 4/5 in Scotland.

More from the Royal Institution Christmas Lectures 2015

What is Newton's Cannon and Third Law? video

Dr Kevin Fong demonstrates projectile motion, orbit and Newton鈥檚 Third Law.

What is Newton's Cannon and Third Law?

Using Earth鈥檚 rotation to launch a rocket. video

Dr Kevin Fong demonstrates how a space rocket鈥檚 launch direction affects its success in reaching orbit.

Using Earth鈥檚 rotation to launch a rocket

Resonant Frequency. video

Dr Kevin Fong explains how sound vibrations could pose a real threat astronauts and rockets in space.

Resonant Frequency

Orbital Rendezvous. video

Dr Kevin Fong demonstrates how and why it's so hard for a spacecraft to catch up with the International Space Station.

Orbital Rendezvous

What does gas weigh? video

A demonstration that carbon dioxide can be poured because it is denser than air.

What does gas weigh?

Why are bones weaker in orbit? video

Kevin Fong explains how micro-gravity can weaken bones. Models are used to show that bones are strong but light, and how low gravity weakens them.

Why are bones weaker in orbit?

How micro-gravity disorientates us. video

A demonstration of how dizziness occurs during motion sickness or micro-gravity.

How micro-gravity disorientates us

The danger of orbital debris. video

Dr Kevin Fong and NASA astronaut Dan Tani explain the danger of space debris.

The danger of orbital debris

Demonstrating heat shield material. video

Dr Kevin Fong explains that space capsules heat up due to pressure not friction. He demonstrates a heat shield鈥檚 low thermal conductivity.

Demonstrating heat shield material

Why Earth rock is found on the Moon. video

Dr Kevin Fong demonstrates how debris from meteorites hitting Earth threw Earth rock as far as the Moon, leaving clues there about Earth鈥檚 geological history.

Why Earth rock is found on the Moon

Demonstrating radiation detectors. video

Dr Kevin Fong shows how a Geiger-Muller tube can detect ionising radiation but not the type of radiation, and how detectors on the International Space Station can.

Demonstrating radiation detectors

How Earth protects us from radiation. video

Dr Kevin Fong discusses the dangers to astronauts of solar radiation, and how we鈥檙e protected from it by Earth鈥檚 atmosphere and magnetic field.

How Earth protects us from radiation

Why tardigrades can survive in orbit. video

Dr Kevin Fong explains why tardigrades are so resilient when exposed to ionising radiation lethal to most other organisms.

Why tardigrades can survive in orbit

How to recycle urine in space. video

Dr Kevin Fong demonstrates a urine recycling system that works using osmosis, concluding by drinking the liquid that is produced.

How to recycle urine in space