成人快手

Sin sibh a-rithist, a ch脿irdean. An-diugh, agus anns na beagan Litrichean romhainn, tha mi a鈥� dol a thoirt s霉il air d脿 cho-ch貌rdadh n脿iseanta agus d脿 r矛gh Albannach 鈥� no dithis r矛ghrean mas fhe脿rr leibh.聽

Bha rudan anns a鈥� chumantas eadar na r矛ghrean. Bha an t-aon ainm orra. Dh鈥檃ontaich iad c霉mhnant no co-ch貌rdadh le n脿baidh cumhachdach 鈥� a thug buaidh mh貌r air an r矛oghachd. Agus chaochail iad nuair nach robh d霉il air am b脿s. Tha mi a鈥� dol gur toirt air ais don treas linn deug.

B鈥� e a鈥� chiad r矛gh Alasdair mac Uilleim, no Alasdair a Dh脿 (II). Th脿inig e don r矛gh-chathair le b脿s athar, Uilleam mac Eanraig no Uilleam Garbh. Tha esan aithnichte mar William the Lion ann am Beurla. Bha b脿s n脿darrach aige ann an d脿 cheud deug is ceithir-deug (1214).

Bha Alasdair II d矛reach sia bliadhn鈥� deug a dh鈥檃ois nuair a fhuair e 脿ite air r矛gh-chathair na h-Alba. Bha e air a chr霉nadh ann an Sg脿in. Bha Alasdair air 霉ine a chur seachad ann an Sasainn agus chaidh e an s脿s ann am poilitigs na d霉thcha sin. Ann an d脿 cheud deug is c貌ig-deug (1215) chuir e armailt Albannach a-null thar na cr矛che.聽

Bha str矛 eadar uaislean Shasainn agus R矛gh E貌in. Bha na h-uaislean soirbheachail an toiseach. Dh鈥檃ontaich R矛gh Shasainn ris an aonta air a bheil Magna Carta. Fon ch霉mhnant sin, cha robh an r矛gh uile-chumhachdach tuilleadh.

Ach chaidh R矛gh E貌in an aghaidh sin aig a鈥� cheann thall, a鈥� cumail a-mach gun robh e fo uallach agus fo 矛mpidh nuair a dh鈥檃ontaich e ri Magna Carta. Bha cogadh catharra ann an uair sin, agus ghabh Alba taobh nan uaislean, an aghaidh R矛gh Shasainn.

R脿inig armailt na h-Alba cladach a deas Shasainn. Ach chaochail R矛gh Shasainn ann an d脿 cheud deug is sia-deug (1216) agus th脿inig s矛th a-rithist fo mhac E貌in 鈥� Eanraig III. Thill armailt na h-Alba dhachaigh.

Bha c脿irdeas doirbh eadar Eanraig agus Alasdair II na h-Alba. Bha Alasdair p貌sta aig piuthar Eanraig, ach bha Eanraig ag iarraidh air Alasdair gabhail ri 脿rd-uachdranachd R矛gh Shasainn. Ge-t脿, bha Alasdair ag agairt nan siorrachdan ann am f矛or cheann a tuath Shasainn, eadar Northumbria agus Cumbria, a bhith fo uachdranachd na h-Alba.聽

Th脿inig an d脿 r矛oghachd gu aonta ann an d脿 cheud deug, trithead 始s a seachd (1237). Chuir iad an ainmean ris an aonta ann an York. Mar sin, 始s e Co-ch貌rdadh York a thathar a鈥� gabhail air. Ge-t脿, bha co-ch貌rdadh eile gu bhith ann eadar Alba is Sasainn air a bheil, an latha an-diugh, 鈥�The Treaty of York鈥�. Bha sin ann an ceithir cheud deug, seasgad 始s a ceithir (1464).

Co-dhi霉, fon ch貌rdadh anns an treas linn deug, chaidh aontachadh gum biodh na siorrachdan eadar Northumbria agus Cumbria a鈥� fuireach aig Sasainn. Bha cead aig Alasdair, agus a sh矛ol, fearann a chumail ann an Sasainn fo laghan fiudalach. Agus chaidh a鈥� chr矛och eadar an d脿 r矛oghachd aontachadh. Bhiodh i eadar Linne Shalmhaigh air an taobh an iar agus Uisge Thuaidh air an taobh an ear. Chun an latha an-diugh, sin far a bheil a鈥� chr矛och eadar Alba 始s Sasainn. Bha d矛reach d脿 ph矛os bheag fearainn taobh a-muigh sin 鈥� na 鈥�Debatable Lands鈥� air an taobh an iar agus baile Bhearaig air an taobh an ear.

Faclan na Litreach: Alasdair II: Alexander II; treas linn deug: 13th century; r矛gh-chathair: throne; soirbheachail: successful; c脿irdeas doirbh: a difficult relationship; piuthar: sister; 脿rd-uachdranachd: overlordship, supreme authority; Linne Shalmhaigh: Solway Firth; Uisge Thuaidh: River Tweed.

Abairtean na Litreach: Bha rudan anns a鈥� chumantas eadar na r矛ghrean: there were things in common between the kings; bha an t-aon ainm orra: they had the same name; co-ch貌rdadh le n脿baidh cumhachdach: a treaty with a powerful neighbour; a thug buaidh mh貌r air an r矛oghachd: that had a large effect on the kingdom; chaochail iad nuair nach robh d霉il air am b脿s: they died when their deaths were not expected; air a chr霉nadh ann an Sg脿in: crowned at Scone; chaidh e an s脿s ann am poilitigs na d霉thcha sin: he got involved in the politics of that country; chuir e armailt Albannach null thar na cr矛che: he sent a Scottish army over the border; bha str矛 eadar uaislean Shasainn agus R矛gh E貌in: there was a struggle between the English nobles and King John; a鈥� cumail a-mach gun robh e fo uallach agus fo 矛mpidh nuair a dh鈥檃ontaich e ri: maintaining he was under pressure when he agreed to; bha Alasdair ag agairt nan siorrachdan ann am f矛or cheann a tuath Shasainn: Alexander was claiming the counties in the very north of England; bha cead aig Alasdair, agus a sh矛ol, fearann a chumail ann an Sasainn fo laghan fiudalach: Alexander and his descendants were allowed to keep land in England under feudal laws; sin far a bheil a鈥� chr矛och: that鈥檚 where the border is.

Puing-ch脿nain na Litreach: d脿 cho-ch貌rdadh n脿iseanta agus d脿 r矛gh Albannach 鈥� no dithis r矛ghrean mas fhe脿rr leibh: two national treaties and two Scottish kings 鈥� or two Scottish kings if you prefer. You will note that in counting people we have two systems, here shown with the example of r矛gh 鈥�king鈥�. You can use the dual case as in d脿 r矛gh (the dual case is very similar to the singular dative) or you can use a numerical noun with the noun commanded by it in the genitive plural (dithis r矛ghrean, tri霉ir r矛ghrean etc). For 鈥榝our sons鈥� you can say ceithir mic (nominative plural) or ceathrar mhac (genitive plural).

Gn脿thas-cainnt na Litreach: Sin sibh a-rithist: hi there again.