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Texts and music inspired by jewels and gems, with readers Robert Glenister and Fenella Woolgar. With Webster, Graves and Dorothy Parker plus Bizet, Stravinsky and Wolf-Ferrari.

Robert Glenister and Fenella Woolgar are the readers in this edition of Words and Music inspired by jewels and gems. There are readings from the King James Bible, John Webster, James Thurber, Robert Graves and Dorothy Parker and music by Jazeps Vitols, Bizet, Stravinsky, Wolf-Ferrari, Orlando de Lassus, Tchaikovsky and Bartok.

Produced by Philippa Ritchie

First broadcast in February 2014.

1 hour, 15 minutes

Last on

Sun 23 Nov 2014 17:30
成人快手 Radio 3

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Music Played

Timings (where shown) are from the start of the programme in hours and minutes

  • 00:00

    Gloria Coates

    Lyric Suite for pIano Trio: Split the Lark and You'll find the Music, An Amethyst Remembrance

    Performer: Kreutzer Quartet.
    • Naxos.
    • 8.559666.

  • Warming Her Pearls by Carol Ann Duffy

  • 00:05

    Jazeps Vitols

    Dargakmeni (Jewels) Op.66, Amethysts (Lento)

    Conductor: Dmitry Yablonsky. Performer: Moldavian National Symphony Orchestra.
    • Marco Polo.
    • 8.223756.
  • 00:07

    Georges Bizet

    AU FOND DU TEMPLE SAINT

    Music Arranger: N/A. Performer: Jussi Bj枚rling.
    • RCA.
    • GD-87799.

  • A Lost Jewel by Robert Graves

  • 00:12

    Daniel Fran莽ois Esprit Auber

    Les Diamants de la Couronne

    Performer: Orchestre de Picardie.
    • Mandala.
    • MAN500305.

  • The Choice by Dorothy Parker

  • 00:17

    David Lang

    String of Pearls

    Performer: MILLER, HERB ORCHESTRA.
    • Prestige.
    • CDSGP018.
  • 00:20

    Orlande de Lassus

    Beau le Cristal

    Performer: The Scholars of London.
    • NAXOS.
    • 8550880.

  • The Pearl by The Gawain Poet

  • 00:24

    James Whitbourn

    Luminosity, Castle of Diamonds

    Performer: Commotio.
    • NAXOS.
    • 8-572103.
  • 00:25

    Patrick Hadley

    I sing of a Maiden

    Performer: The Cambridge Singers.
    • Collegium.
    • COLCD-106.
  • 00:28

    Igor Stravinsky

    Rubies

    Conductor: Seiji Ozawa. Performer: Michel B茅roff. Performer: Piano Orchestra De Paris.
    • EMI Classics.
    • 50999 648625 21.
  • 00:28

    Igor Stravinsky

    Rubies

    Conductor: Seiji Ozawa. Performer: Michel B茅roff. Performer: Piano Orchestra De Paris.
    • EMI Classics.
    • 50999 648625 21.
  • 00:28

    Igor Stravinsky

    Rubies

    Conductor: Seiji Ozawa. Performer: Michel B茅roff. Performer: Piano Orchestra De Paris.
    • EMI Classics.
    • 50999 648625 21.

  • Overheard on a Saltmarsh by Harold Monro

  • 00:35

    Igor Stravinsky

    Rubies

    Conductor: Seiji Ozawa. Performer: Michel B茅roff. Performer: Piano Orchestra De Paris.
    • EMI Classics.
    • 50999 648625 21.

  • The Cock and the Jasp by Robert Henryson, translated by Bob Smith

  • 00:42

    Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

    The Sleeping Beauty Op 66 Act III Pas de Quatre

    Conductor: Valery Gergiev. Performer: Kirov Orchestra.
    • PHILIPS.
    • 4349222.

  • A Marriage Ring by George Crabbe

  • 00:45

    Jean Sibelius

    Diamanten pa Marssnon

    Performer: Sir Antonio Pappano. Performer: Barbara Bonney.
    • DECCA.
    • 4667622DEC.
  • 00:47

    Paul Simon

    DIAMONDS ON THE SOLES OF HER SHOES

    Music Arranger: N/A. Performer: Paul Simon.
    • WARNER.
    • 9362-47721-2.

  • Brooch by Menna Elfyn, translated by Elin ap Hywei

  • 00:52

    Charles Gounod

    JEWEL SONG: O DIEU! QUE DE BIJOUX!... AH! JE RIS DE ME VOIR (FAUST)

    Music Arranger: N/A. Performer: Joan Sutherland. Performer: The Orchestra of the Royal Opera House.
    • DECCA.
    • DECCA-4177802.
  • 00:55

    Ermanno Wolf鈥怓errari

    I gioielli della Madonna: Intermezzo

    Performer: Academy of St Martin in the Fields. Performer: Neville Marriner.
    • EMI.
    • 754585-2 7.

  • Chapter 21, The Book of Revelations, King James Bible

  • 01:00

    Arvo P盲rt

    Fur Alina

    Performer: JoAnn Falletta. Performer: Ralph van Raat. Performer: Radio Kamer Filharmonie.
    • NAXOS.
    • 8.572525.

  • The Duchess of Malfi by John Webster

  • 01:04

    Peter Warlock

    The Shrouding of the Duchess of Malfi

    Conductor: Neville Dilkes. Performer: Ian Partridge. Performer: Janet Baker. Performer: Owen Brannigan.
    • EMI Classics.
    • 5651012.

  • Gentlemen prefer blondes by Anita Loos

  • 01:09

    Jule Styne

    Diamonds Are A Girl's Best Friend

    Composer: Leo Robin. Performer: Marilyn Monroe.
    • Going For A Song.
    • ?.
  • 01:13

    B茅la Bart贸k

    Piano Concerto No. 1: Andante

    Conductor: Iv谩n Fischer. Performer: Zolt谩n Kocsis. Performer: Budapest Festival Orchestra.
    • Philips.
    • 416836-2.

  • The Thirteen Clocks by James Thurber

Producer's Note

The appeal to me of Jewels lies in the ambivalent nature of their role in culture. 听They can represent both false material values and spiritual truth.听 This seems to be the case across cultures and through history.听

听

In folk tales jewels are often hoarded by dragons, or sorcerers 鈥� like Abanazar in Aladdin who has a cave of dazzling gems or the dragon in Beowulf who jealously guards his treasure store.听 In Shakespeare鈥檚 The Merchant of Venice Portia鈥檚 suitors are presented with听three caskets, composed of gold, silver and lead.听 Only Bassanio makes the correct choice of the lead casket because he realises that true value doesn鈥檛 lie in a glittering surface.

听

The source of Shakespeare鈥檚 story is thought to be a medieval Italian tale called Il Pecorone (The Simpleton).听 However, in most medieval literature jewels symbolise spiritual truth and not misguided materialism. 听In this programme I鈥檝e picked an extract from the beautiful allegorical poem The Pearl. The author is an unknown late 14th century poet and his verse is the story of a man grieving for a precious lost pearl without a spot (鈥� 镁at precios perle wythouten spot鈥�.)听 He falls asleep and has a dream vision (a standard of medieval poetry) of a stunning girl dressed from head to foot in pearls.听 It becomes apparent that his lost pearl is actually his dead daughter and in the vision she counsels him spiritually and consoles him that she is now in heaven. 听听The Pearl is an example of 鈥榣apidary verse鈥� 鈥� meaning verse that has been cut and polished with infinite skill.

听

I have also included a reading from the charming Middle Scots poem The Cock and the Jasp by Robert Henryson, which is based on an Aesop fable where the 鈥榡asp鈥� represents Wisdom. Bob Smith, who translated the verse into modern English, has done a brilliant job of capturing the听perky tone and atmosphere of of the original.听 听

听

The most famous description of jewels in Christian 听literature occurs in the Book of Revelations in the Bible, when the New Jerusalem is revealed to John of Patmos in a vision and he sees the walls of the city are entirely formed of jasper (a transparent, glittering stone like diamond) with the foundations formed of other jewels such as sapphire, emerald, beryl and amethyst.

听

Belief in the magical, medicinal and emotional properties of precious stones goes back beyond recorded history. There is an early cuneiform tablet which lists stones that facilitate conception and birth. 听The colour of precious stones has always been considered of great significance.听 For instance, wearing green jewelry was thought to encourage new growth for crops and fertility. 听Cleopatra鈥檚 favorite gem was the emerald.听 Emeralds have often been associated with envy (we still talk about being 鈥榞reen with envy鈥�) rubies usually symbolise passion and desire and amethysts were a Christian symbol of purity.

听

I was spoiled for choice when choosing jewel-related music.听 Of course I had to include the famous Pearl Fishers鈥� Duet 鈥� and I picked a recording by the wonderful Swedish tenor Jussi Bjorling and American baritone Robert Merril. I have also chosen Joan Sutherland singing the famous Jewel Song from Gounod鈥檚 opera Faust 鈥� to my mind no singer has ever bettered her recording of this with the Royal Opera House orchestra in 1960, it is so blithe and sparkling.

听

Other musical gems I鈥檝e included are Beau le Cristal by Orlando de Lassus, Dargakmeni (Jewels) by Jazeps Vitols and Diamanten pa Marssnon (Diamonds in the Snow) by Sibelius.

听

Balanchine鈥檚 ballet Jewels (currently in the repertoire of the Royal Ballet) uses three gem stones, Emeralds, Rubies and Diamonds, as starting points to explore a variety of dance styles and he uses music by Faure, Tchaikovsky and Stravinsky.听 Tchaikovsky鈥檚 music for the Pas de Quatre in the third act of The Sleeping Beauty includes dances for the Silver, Sapphire and Diamond fairies.听 The ballet鈥檚 choreographer Petipa described the Diamond fairy variation as 鈥渂rilliant, shining like electricity鈥� .

听

One of my favourite literary gold-diggers is Lorelei Lee, the heroine of Anita Loos鈥檚 novella Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, which was famously turned into a film starring Marilyn Monroe as the diamond-loving heroine.听听 Fenella Woolgar reads from the original book,听 told in the form of the journal kept by Lorelei as she searches Europe for the perfect jewel-providing gentleman friend.听 I have also picked a poem by Dorothy Parker, The Choice, in which she laments her lack of the gold-digging gene.

听

To end the programme Robert Glenister reads from James Thurber鈥檚 delicious fantasy tale The Thirteen Clocks.听 It tells of the evil Duke of Coffin Castle, who demands his daughter鈥檚 suitor, Prince Zorn of Zorna, brings him with a thousand jewels before he grants him her hand in marriage.听 But although Zorn manages to achieve the quest and win his bride, things do not end happily ever after for the Duke and his hoard of jewels.听 He should have remembered Shakespeare鈥檚 warning in the Merchant of Venice that 鈥榓ll that glisters is not gold鈥�.听听听

听

Producer: Philippa Ritchie

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    成人快手 Radio 3
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    成人快手 Radio 3

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