Kazakhstan media guide

Image source, Getty Images

The media scene is dominated by state-owned and pro-government outlets. Most major outlets are controlled by the government directly or indirectly.

Nearly all pro-opposition print titles have been closed or forced into exile.

Those that remain are "collapsing under the impact of fines", says Reporters Without Borders (RSF).

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TV is the most popular medium. The government operates national networks. Russian stations are carried via cable and satellite.

There were 16.4 million internet users by July 2022, comprising 86% of the population (InternetWorldStats). Russian social media are widely used.

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The internet is "closely controlled, with mass surveillance, imprisonment of bloggers and frequent cuts in access to news websites, social networks and messaging services", says RSF.

Press

  • - state-run, Russian-language
  • - state-run, Kazakh-language
  • - private, Russian-language
  • - private, Kazakh-language
  • - private, daily
  • - private, Russian-language
  • - private, weekly

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Television

  • - state-owned, in Kazakh and Russian
  • - state-owned, news network
  • - state-owned, news and entertainment
  • - private, in Kazakh and Russian
  • - majority government-owned
  • - private
  • - private

Radio

  • - state-owned, broadcasts in Kazakh and Russian
  • - private, Almaty, Astana
  • - private, Almaty
  • - private, Almaty, Astana

News agencies/internet

  • - state-owned; English-language pages
  • - a service of Russian news agency Interfax; English-language pages
  • - private, news website