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The Nazis believed that only Germans could be citizens and that non-Germans should not have any citizenship rights.

The Nazis racial philosophy taught that some races were 'Untermenschen' ('subhuman').

Many scientists at this time believed that people with disabilities or social problems were genetically less human and that their genes needed to be kept separate.

The Nazis took a series of actions as a result of these beliefs:

• They tried to eliminate the Jewish people.
• 85 per cent of Germany's Gypsies were killed.
• Black people were sterilised.
• Patients with mental illnesses were killed.
• People with physical or sensory disabilities, eg deaf people, and people with hereditary diseases were sterilised.
• Imprisoned people they regarded as 'anti-social' were sent to concentration camps. These included homosexuals, prostitutes, Jehovah's Witnesses, alcoholics, pacifists, beggars, hooligans and criminals.