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Trigonometry – Intermediate & Higher tier - WJECTrigonometric calculations

Trigonometric relationships are very important in the construction and planning industry and allow precise calculation of unknown lengths and angles.

Part of Maths Numeracy (WJEC)Geometry and Measure

Trigonometric calculations

Example 1

Calculate \({x}\) in the following diagram to one decimal place.

Two right-angled triangles, ABC and BCD, arranged one on top of the other along their shared long side BC. AC equals 5.8 cm, angle ACB equals 41 degrees. BD is labelled x, angle CBD equals 32 degrees

Solution

First look at the top triangle (ABC):

(Dz41°=ʰڰ䰨5.8)

(5.8ʳDz41°=ʵ䰨)

BC = 4.377315565 cm = 4.38 cm (two decimal places).

Now look at triangle BCD (working at two decimal places to give an answer to one decimal place):

(Dz32°=ʰڰ4.38氨)

(ʳDz32°=ʵ4.38)

(氨=ʰڰ4.38Dz32°)

\({x}\) = 5.164801407 cm = 5.2 cm (one decimal place).

Example 2

Calculate angle ADB in the following diagram (to one decimal place).

A right-angled triangle ACD. On side AC there is a point B 5.3 cm from point A. Point B is connected to point D. Side CD equals 14.7 cm. The angle BDC equals 46 degrees

Solution

First look at the lower triangle (BCD):

(ٲԴ46°=ʰڰ䰨14.7)

(14.7ʳٲԴ46°=ʵ䰨)

BC = 15.22229561 cm = 15.22 cm (two decimal places).

Now look at triangle ACD (working at two decimal places to give an answer to one decimal place):

AC = 5.3 + 15.22 = 20.52 cm

\({tan~ADC}~=~\frac{20.52}{14.7}\)

Use tan-1 on calculator to get:

ADC = 54.38°

Now to get angle ADB:

ADB = ADC − BDC

ADB = 54.38° − 46° = 8.38° = 8.4° (one decimal place).