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Multiply and divide positive and negative numbersGrid method for multiplying numbers

Both positive and negative numbers can be multiplied and divided using rules. Two signs the same gives a positive answer. Two different signs give a negative answer. More difficult multiplication can be carried out using the grid or column method. Division can be worked out using short or long division.

Part of MathsNumber and number processes

Grid method for multiplying numbers

The grid method is a visual way of multiplying two numbers. Each digit in the number is divided into its place value column. For example, calculate \(46 \times 35\):

  • 46 = 40 (four tens) plus 6 (6 ones)
  • 35 = 30 (three tens) plus 5 (5 ones)
\(\times\)40 (tens)6 (ones)Total
30 (tens)\(30 \times 40 = 1,200\)\(30 \times 6 = 180\)\(1,200 + 180 = 1,380\)
5 (ones)\(5 \times 40 = 200\)\(5 \times 6 = 30\)\(200 + 30 = 230\)
\(1,380 + 230 = 1,610\)
30 (tens)
40 (tens)\(30 \times 40 = 1,200\)
6 (ones)\(30 \times 6 = 180\)
Total\(1,200 + 180 = 1,380\)
5 (ones)
40 (tens)\(5 \times 40 = 200\)
6 (ones)\(5 \times 6 = 30\)
Total\(200 + 30 = 230\)
40 (tens)
6 (ones)
Total\(1,380 + 230 = 1,610\)

Therefore, \(46 \times 35 = 1,610\).

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Column method for multiplying numbers
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Multiply and divide positive and negative numbers

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