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The biology of controlling fertilityArtificial insemination

Fertility is the ability to produce offspring. Fertility is continuous in males and cyclical in females. Infertility can have a number of causes and there are a range of infertility treatments that work in different ways. Physical and chemical methods of contraception can prevent fertilisation and pregnancy.

Part of Human BiologyPhysiology and Health

Treatments for infertility - Artificial insemination

Artificial insemination may be a useful treatment where:

  • a man has a low sperm count
  • a couple are unable to have vaginal intercourse
  • a condition (for example a virus) means that a couple needs help to conceive
  • where a donor's sperm is being used by a same-sex couple or when a man in a mixed-sex couple is sterile

A sample of sperm is treated to remove dead sperm, slow sperm and impurities. A concentrated sample of healthy sperm is then passed through a catheter into the uterus. A sperm donor may also be used in artificial insemination in cases of a male being sterile.

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Intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
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Treatments for infertility - Stimulating ovulation

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