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India is now the second most populous nation on the planet, with an estimated 1.4 billion inhabitants in 2022 and it's estimated that India will overtake China as the most populous country in 2026. Estimates suggest that India will become the second largest economy by 2050. India is an example of a country that has become richer. Estimates suggest that it had grown to become the fifth largest economy in 2020 and is projected to be the third largest world economy after China and the USA by 2025. India is an example of a country that has become richer. India has the third largest army in the world and is known as the largest democracy in the world, consisting of 28 states and 8 union territories (as of 2020).

India has many different ethnic and religious groups - Hinduism is the dominant religion, yet the country has substantial minority populations of Buddhists, Muslims, Christians and Sikhs. It has a varied climate ranging from tropical in the south to a temperate and then alpine climate in the north.